NCERT · Class 12

NCERT Class 12 Physics: Chapter List and Official PDFs

All 14 chapters of the NCERT Class 12 Physics textbook(s), with the section headings of each chapter and a link to the official PDF on ncert.nic.in. Open a chapter to see what it covers.

14 chapters2 books

Physics Part-I

Chapter 1: Electric Charges and FieldsUnit I: Electrostatics

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Electric Charge
1.3 Conductors and Insulators
1.4 Basic Properties of Electric Charge
1.5 Coulomb's Law
1.6 Forces between Multiple Charges
1.7 Electric Field
1.8 Electric Field Lines
1.9 Electric Flux
1.10 Electric Dipole
1.11 Dipole in a Uniform External Field
1.12 Continuous Charge Distribution
1.13 Gauss's Law
1.14 Applications of Gauss's Law
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and CapacitanceUnit I: Electrostatics

2.1 Introduction
2.2 Electrostatic Potential
2.3 Potential due to a Point Charge
2.4 Potential due to an Electric Dipole
2.5 Potential due to a System of Charges
2.6 Equipotential Surfaces
2.7 Potential Energy of a System of Charges
2.8 Potential Energy in an External Field
2.9 Electrostatics of Conductors
2.10 Dielectrics and Polarisation
2.11 Capacitors and Capacitance
2.12 The Parallel Plate Capacitor
2.13 Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance
2.14 Combination of Capacitors
2.15 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 3: Current ElectricityUnit II: Current Electricity

3.1 Introduction
3.2 Electric Current
3.3 Electric Currents in Conductors
3.4 Ohm's law
3.5 Drift of Electrons and the Origin of Resistivity
3.6 Limitations of Ohm's Law
3.7 Resistivity of Various Materials
3.8 Temperature Dependence of Resistivity
3.9 Electrical Energy, Power
3.10 Cells, emf, Internal Resistance
3.11 Cells in Series and in Parallel
3.12 Kirchhoff's Rules
3.13 Wheatstone Bridge
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 4: Moving Charges and MagnetismUnit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Magnetic Force
4.3 Motion in a Magnetic Field
4.4 Magnetic Field due to a Current Element, Biot-Savart Law
4.5 Magnetic Field on the Axis of a Circular Current Loop
4.6 Ampere's Circuital Law
4.7 The Solenoid
4.8 Force between Two Parallel Currents, the Ampere
4.9 Torque on Current Loop, Magnetic Dipole
4.10 The Moving Coil Galvanometer
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 5: Magnetism and MatterUnit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

5.1 Introduction
5.2 The Bar Magnet
5.3 Magnetism and Gauss's Law
5.4 Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity
5.5 Magnetic Properties of Materials
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 6: Electromagnetic InductionUnit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Experiments of Faraday and Henry
6.3 Magnetic Flux
6.4 Faraday's Law of Induction
6.5 Lenz's Law and Conservation of Energy
6.6 Motional Electromotive Force
6.7 Inductance
6.8 AC Generator
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 7: Alternating CurrentUnit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents

7.1 Introduction
7.2 AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor
7.3 Representation of AC Current and Voltage by Rotating Vectors — Phasors
7.4 AC Voltage Applied to an Inductor
7.5 AC Voltage Applied to a Capacitor
7.6 AC Voltage Applied to a Series LCR Circuit
7.7 Power in AC Circuit: The Power Factor
7.8 Transformers
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 8: Electromagnetic WavesUnit V: Electromagnetic Waves

8.1 Introduction
8.2 Displacement Current
8.3 Electromagnetic Waves
8.4 Electromagnetic Spectrum
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Physics Part-II

Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical InstrumentsUnit VI: Optics

9.1 Introduction
9.2 Reflection of Light by Spherical Mirrors
9.3 Refraction
9.4 Total Internal Reflection
9.5 Refraction at Spherical Surfaces and by Lenses
9.6 Refraction through a Prism
9.7 Optical Instruments
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 10: Wave OpticsUnit VI: Optics

10.1 Introduction
10.2 Huygens Principle
10.3 Refraction and Reflection of Plane Waves using Huygens Principle
10.4 Coherent and Incoherent Addition of Waves
10.5 Interference of Light Waves and Young's Experiment
10.6 Diffraction
10.7 Polarisation
Points To Ponder
Summary
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and MatterUnit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

11.1 Introduction
11.2 Electron Emission
11.3 Photoelectric Effect
11.4 Experimental Study of Photoelectric Effect
11.5 Photoelectric Effect and Wave Theory of Light
11.6 Einstein's Photoelectric Equation: Energy Quantum of Radiation
11.7 Particle Nature of Light: The Photon
11.8 Wave Nature of Matter
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 12: AtomsUnit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei

12.1 Introduction
12.2 Alpha-particle Scattering and Rutherford's Nuclear Model of Atom
12.3 Atomic Spectra
12.4 Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
12.5 The Line Spectra of the Hydrogen Atom
12.6 DE Broglie's Explanation of Bohr's Second Postulate of Quantisation
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 13: NucleiUnit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei

13.1 Introduction
13.2 Atomic Masses and Composition of Nucleus
13.3 Size of the Nucleus
13.4 Mass-Energy and Nuclear Binding Energy
13.5 Nuclear Force
13.6 Radioactivity
13.7 Nuclear Energy
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple CircuitsUnit IX: Electronic Devices

14.1 Introduction
14.2 Classification of Metals, Conductors and Semiconductors
14.3 Intrinsic Semiconductor
14.4 Extrinsic Semiconductor
14.5 p-n Junction
14.6 Semiconductor Diode
14.7 Application of Junction Diode as a Rectifier
Summary
Points To Ponder
Exercises

Official NCERT PDF (English) · हिंदी माध्यम PDF

Free sample questions

Three sample questions with answers. Full explanations — and the rest of the question bank — are free to read after you sign up.

Q1. Assertion (A): The self-induced emf in a coil always opposes any change in the current through it. Reason (R): The self-induced emf opposes only an increase of current and not a decrease of current.

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true but R is false.
A is false but R is true.

Show answer

Correct answer: C. A is true but R is false.

🔒 The full explanation is free to read after you sign up →

Q2. In a metallic conductor with no electric field applied, the average velocity of the free electrons is zero because

the free electrons are at rest in the absence of a field
after every collision the direction of an electron's velocity is completely random
the electrons move only in the direction of the positive ions
the electrons are bound to individual nuclei

Show answer

Correct answer: B. after every collision the direction of an electron's velocity is completely random

🔒 The full explanation is free to read after you sign up →

Q3. In a photocell, light of fixed frequency (above the threshold frequency) produces a photocurrent of 12 μA at a given collector potential. If the intensity of the same light is tripled keeping the collector potential fixed, the photocurrent becomes:

4 μA
12 μA
108 μA
36 μA

Show answer

Correct answer: D. 36 μA

🔒 The full explanation is free to read after you sign up →

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Chapter lists follow the NCERT textbooks as available to us; textbooks are revised from time to time, so confirm on ncert.nic.in.

Physics Part-I

Physics Part-II

Free sample questions

Q1. Assertion (A): The self-induced emf in a coil always opposes any change in the current through it. Reason (R): The self-induced emf opposes only an increase of current and not a decrease of current.

Q2. In a metallic conductor with no electric field applied, the average velocity of the free electrons is zero because

Q3. In a photocell, light of fixed frequency (above the threshold frequency) produces a photocurrent of 12 μA at a given collector potential. If the intensity of the same light is tripled keeping the collector potential fixed, the photocurrent becomes:

Stuck on a chapter?

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